Sunday, May 19, 2013
   
Text Size

RokAjaxSearch

Reclaiming our truly Malaysian history

CPI Writings

historyIntroduction by CPI

Below is the first in the CPI series on ‘Reclaiming our truly Malaysian history’.

The post provides readers with information on the meeting held in Petaling Jaya on May 15 to launch the national campaign on reforming the history curriculum and textbooks.

During the next few weeks and months, CPI will feature analysis and contributions from scholars and educators on the history reform issue so that the public and government are made aware of and fully understand the ramifications of education – in this case, the history curriculum and textbooks – being used as a political football by the powers that be.

*************

History curriculum creating katak di bawah tempurung

By Centre for Policy Initiatives

The campaign for a truly Malaysian history was launched on Sunday by a group of academics and notable NGO figures on the back of strong public support, particularly from parents of schoolgoing children concerned about our biased KBSM textbooks. (See online petition, poster in left sidebar).

history-reform

Photo courtesy of The Malaysian Insider

It urges a review of the History curriculum which contains many shortcomings, including the overt and overly Islamic and Malay-centric slant, factual errors, half-truths, value judgments and politically motivated content.

The movement is pressing for an honest and transparent review of the syllabus in place of the current window-dressing exercise which will only serve to infuse the teaching of History with yet more propaganda. The existing textbooks need to be overhauled so that students will learn an accurate and well-balanced account of our country’s history.

Urgently requiring reform

During the campaign launch, historian Dr Ranjit Singh Malhi – a panellist on the movement’s watchdog committee – gave a presentation on aspects of our textbooks which are untruthful and not objective. (See follow-up in CPI tomorrow)

Furthermore, what Ranjit calls ‘value judgments’ in the History textbooks are printed in bold typeface and in a striking colour that stands out from the rest of the ordinary font. An example is page 255 of the Form Four textbook.

 

bangsa-asing

 

Here the textbook writers had imposed their own opinionated piece of fear mongering which reads:

 

“In short, the development and prosperity of Tanah Melayu succeeded in drawing the interest of the immigrants to come here and this situation is extended up to the present day. We should be proud that our country is the focus of pendatang asing due to our wealth and prosperity. Looking at it from another point of view, the local inhabitants should strive to be more industrious, display more initiative and be prepared to administer the wealth of this country, especially those who do not have a huge capital. If not, the orang asing who are always on the lookout for opportunities will capitalize on openings and take over our role, as has happened today.”

 

These alarming ‘Rumusan’ (conclusion) nuggets on the official moral of the story are redolent of the notorious Biro Tata Negara (BTN) brainwashing and scattered throughout the History textbooks.

Sins of omission

Ranjit also contends there is a “lopsided emphasis on Islamic civilization”. Ironically, words such as ‘wahyu’, ‘nabi’ and ‘rasul’ which are prohibited to Christians under the various state enactments with regard to Non-Islamic Religions (Control of Propagation amongst Muslims) are, on the contrary, introduced to non-Muslim teenagers through the Form Four History textbook. 

slide23

While the general public is now aware that a whopping five chapters (out of a total of 10 in Form Four) are devoted to Islam, few realise that the other religions are given short shrift with a passing mention of only three pages. According to Ranjit, the amount of text related to Christianity, Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism, all added up, total a mere 832 words (which is shorter than the length of this article). 

pg15

Ranjit also brought up the fact how “undue emphasis is given to trivial matters and unimportant personalities which are of no historical significance” pertaining to the Islamic world. CPI found that in comparison, the Form Four textbook which deals with world history has shockingly omitted key developments such as the Hammurabi and Justinian codes of fundamental jurisprudence, and other civilization milestones.

Abu Lahab and Bilal bin Rafah are among the Islamic names cited by Ranjit as non-entities prolifically introduced to Malaysian students of history. On the other hand, given the pronounced trend of the Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka authors to negate non-Muslim contributions to world history, you will no longer be surprised that notable figures such as Sima Qian, Kalidasa and Thomas Aquinas are missing from the Index listing.

On the Malay supremacy concept, Ranjit noted its appearance in the Form Three textbook (page 45) where Ketuanan Melayu “ditakrifkan sebagai semangat cinta akan apa saja yang berkaitan dengan bangsa Melayu seperti hak politik, bahasa, kebudayaan, warisan, adat istiadat dan tanah air”.

A joint report by the Centre of Malaysian Chinese Studies and Nanyang University Alumni Association found that the KBSM History syllabus has altogether 465 pages on the Malays (80%), 16 on Chinese and eight on Indians. (CPI will be featuring their power-point presentation on the report findings provided during the meeting in a later post.)

Most tellingly, there are zero pages on the Orang Asli. How can the original inhabitants of the land ‘mysteriously’ disappear from what purports to be the authoritative history of Malaysia?

Pity the students

A teacher who spoke at the event revealed that History is the subject his students hate the most. In Malaysian schools, the teaching of History is not geared towards enhancing deep learning but merely a form of rote memorization.

The format of KBSM History clearly does not foster critical thinking. Instead it encourages spoonfeeding students with, among other things, doses of xenophobia. They are explicitly warned against opportunistic foreigners and rapacious immigrants.

This ‘pendatang’ leitmotif that runs through the syllabus is a constant reminder that the Chinese and Indians only came to Malaysia – in the words of Prof. Ramlah Adam, a Perkasa council member-cum-deputy chair panellist on the government’s review board – as “investors and coolies”.

The government panel has been appointed to relook the History textbooks in order to incorporate a focus on building patriotism and national unity. There is a justified fear that this process will be abused by the powers that be.

Last year, Education Minister Muhyiddin Yassin had made a unilateral announcement at the Umno general assembly that by 2013, History will be a compulsory pass subject for SPM.

This move will result in students being force-fed the diktats of the Education Ministry and regurgitating the input just to pass their SPM. The dismal standards of formal education and the political agenda of the government will soon shrink the thinking capacity of our next generation.

 

Tomorrow: CPI will be uploading slides from Dr Ranjit Singh Malhi’s presentation on ‘Current History education: Major shortcomings’.

Other contributions in the CPI series on ‘Reclaiming our truly Malaysian History’ that will follow shortly:

  • Dr Cheong Yuen Keong, Nandai/CMCS  report on ‘Perbincangan tentang buku teks Sejarah’

  • Campaign for a Truly Malaysian History’ blog posting by a campaign participant

Comments (12)
  • Joshua Woo  - Historical difference between Islam and Christiani

    Since this is a textbook on history, then it wouldn't betray any historical sense to say that both Christianity and Islam also mention Jesus Christ or Isa al-Masih (Islam's reference to Jesus).

    It is also correct to say that the main difference from historical studies' point of view is that the preserved data about Jesus in both religions come from different times and places.

    The Christian sources are dated to a period less than 30 years (Mark's account and Paul's letters) after his death, written in places geographically within Jesus' location.

    The Islamic sources (Qur'an) that preserve data about Jesus is dated to more than 550 years after the time of Jesus, written in places geographically far from Jesus' location (more than 1200 kilometers apart; it's about the distance between Singapore and central Thailand).

    Since the textbook is about history, and since both religions talk about Jesus, I think it is important to help students to understand the main difference between Christianity and Islam from a historical studies' point of view.

  • Malaysian  - Malaysian History

    In a way the unilateral announcement by Muhyiddin Yassin to make history a compulsory subject was a wake-up call. The fact that the independence agreement was signed by all the three major races has been lost and the Non-Malays are called pendatangs. Where did we go wrong? The Non-Malay component parties of Barisan are largely to be blamed for allowing such a pathetic state of affairs. I doubt very much that they would ever earn the trust of the Non-Malays and may have to hold on to the straw with UMNO's patronage

  • leekh  - Land Flowing with Milk and Honey

    There is a story of a new priest who was visiting his new parish. He was travelling through miles and miles of bush land, marshes and dry sandy patches of waste land. It was very depressing. When he rounded a hill, he saw laid out right before his eyes a lush green valley, with a meandering stream. There were fruit bearing trees, and livestock...the priest walked and stopped and marveled at the richness of this stretch of land. Finally he came across a person bent over, weeding and clearing a patch of land. The man looked up at the priest and smiled. The priest then said, "You must be so blessed..for the bounty that God has given you..."
    The man looked at the priest....he took out his old towel and slowly wiped his sun-drenched face, his bulging arms and his dirty fingers and looked the priest straight in the eye..."oh yeah? Did you see the land that you passed earlier?" the priest nodded..."well sir, that was what the Lord gave to me!"

    This story about the land being kaya-raya is a lot of bunkum. The true Malay heartland on the peninsula are the Malay states of Kelantan, Trengganu, Kedah/Perlis, Narathiwat, Patani, Satun and Yala. These are the states with the minimum pendatangs. We can compare it to the states where there are a lot of pendatang...Selangor, Perak, Penang, Johor..a lot of pendatangs. See the difference???
    By the end of the first world war the Chinese businessmen had been investing in rubber planting in the Federated States and Johor. There was little investment in Kedah as there was lawlessness. But immediately after the Anglo-SIamese Treaty large groups of Chinese businessmen came to kedah from Penang to grow rubber. The real spur happened after the First World War..British planters were able to raise money on the London STock Exchange...Indian laborers were recruited from India..these were the factors that made Malaya...by 1922 more than 600,000 acres of rubber were panted by no less than 300,000 Indian workers with mney raised in London...
    The pendatang came, they worked on the land, they toiled.... and did the lot.The Malay rulers controlled the rivers, and fought among themselves to collect rent. There was civil war and banditry. "Fortunately" the British intervened at the behest of the rivals. The British imposed their laws and the land code, enforce law and order..while the newly installed Malay rulers sat back and reaped the profits. All the land used by the pendatangs were "useless" land, the natives had no use for them, they were not displaced and sent off to some settlements. They stayed on the most fertile lands. Meanwhile the pendatangs toiled away..and thousands and thousands of poor Indians died in the process.
    These pendatangs built their houses away from the Malay dwellings, these were new areas....so the towns and cities, the railways, the bridges, the ports and the roads...sprang up...who built them, who needed them...? Did the pendatang pick up gold pieces or loose diamonds lying on the ground? Take a good look...did they seize the land from the Malays? Was it not the pendatang that developed the land? If no pendatang came perhaps we would all be like Narathiwat and Kelantan...?

  • moses

    the forrm4 history have never mention the history of jews and it religion ?and in world history section have never mention the history of Genghis Khan and it mongol empires ,why?

  • Serious Shepherd  - The imbalanced textbook

    May 13 is mentioned but Maulidur Rasul 1964 Masehi is not.

    The mastermind of JWW Birch's assassination is a hero but the mastermind of Sir Henry Gurney's assassination is a terrorist.

    Penjajah (Kristian?) Portugis, Belanda & Inggeris are stated but penjajah who keeps on asking for bunga emas (and even invaded Langkawi) is not (no wonder some would fall for that 'Kristian Agama Rasmi?' conspiracy).

    Definitely the history book mentions less about other religions, but they are simply not visible because even recently, these 'other religions' are totally quiet when MCA wants to sue Kelantan for issuing ban on gambling. Bak kata pepatah, diam tu tandanya setuju. Well, maybe Hinduism is more visible since they fight against teenage drinking in Selangor.

  • Ong Kian Ye

    http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/world/articl e/imf-strauss-kahn-resigns-as-managing-director/

    Why cant ANWAR IBRAHIM follow suit? Isn’t this the same?

  • SETIA  - The Real Truth

    Our forefathers cleared the thick dangerous jungle,developed the country & and many died defending the virgin country yet recent illegal immigrants are conferred the so called 'bumi' status.?
    Our future generations must not be poison by book such as Interlok or distortion of our history to meet certain racist agenda of Mamak Mahathir or Umnoputras.

  • Ng Boon Shyh

    Not only form 4 textbook, but from primary 2 there is a systematic biasness of syllabus skewing history towards Malayness especially in Kajian Tempatan, Civic whom they speak so much even the leader who is still alive. In a way they are making them to be their national idol and what ever the leader said is THE TRUTH, makinng that particular leader as Pharoh of Malaysia.

    We have lost one or two generation of good and unbias teachers, headmasters included, that is why I am not surprise to hear them utter "Pendatang" to non-Malay. Non of this happen in the 60's, 70's and a part of 80's.

    The Chinese and Indian Leaders perticularly MCA, MIC were too busy making money for themselves and did not include academicians in their political team or the intellectual is the least important in their agenda. As a result we see what we get because of their negligence.

    Not too late. Better be late than never. I learn from a Malay motivasi program and that particular leader said: " Tolak Unsur" means push 2 times back track one step. My conclusion to his meaning is " if non-Malays are not resisting to their advancement, we will end up against the wall " . So leaders for the sack of our future generation stop their pushes and advancement, we are the stack holders of this country - Tanah Tumpah Darahku, Biar Putih Tulang Jangan Putih Mata as some only see $$ sign.

    SO STAND UP and BE COUNTED. For Tomorrow starts from Today. Yesterday is a lesson though bitter but never too late to make it count for our children children.

  • najib manaukau  - najib manaukau

    Are they coming up with a new history that the whites in America and the Brits in Australia are the sons of the soil ? Just to justify the pirates from Indonesia and the half breeds in Umno as the Bumi.

  • vijay  - hiden agenda of umno,


    They are losing the malay vote so this must be done.

  • Disillusioned parent  - Discuss with your children what they learn at shoo

    This article comes as a timely reminder for all including myself to always discuss with your children what they learn at school.
    Yesterday, my daughter came home and told me that she had learnt as part of her Std 2 Bahasa lesson about 2 heroes in Malaysian history. They had killed JWW Birch. The reason given for the killing by the teacher was that (I quote) 'JWW Birch had not respected the Malay culture'. I was shocked and speechless for awhile and took some time to ponder how to respond. In the end, I had to explain to her that no, we do not condone in any way murder for whatever reason and should instead focus on discourse and discussion to gain understanding and respect. Secondly, I told her it was against God's laws to murder anyone. And then I had to tell her, people do a lot of things in history but as it is a school lesson, we would do well to consider what we think is the key learning we should take away from their actions, and not blindly follow what they did.

    It was not an easy thing to explain to a young child of 8 but ultimately I think she understood that killing another person is wrong. I am still shocked that we can be teaching our children that taking one's life is to be hero-worshipped if it was done in protecting one's 'maruah' and 'budaya'.

    Please, for all parents out there, take a moment to know what our kids are being taught in school. Be careful and take steps to teach your child better. The education system does not seem to be doing its part.


  • C S Kwatra

    "in the words of Prof. Ramlah Adam, a Perkasa council member-cum-deputy chair panellist on the government’s review board – as “investors and coolies”.

    My Comment.
    I would like to remind the learned ( I hope) professor that my fore fathers(Sikh's from the Punjab,India) did not come here neither as investors nor as coolies.
    They were brought here as police officers/armed forces to keep the peace and contribute to the security of this country.
    In fact some of my relatives fought and were even killed by the communist.
    That is a true historical fact and should be highlited to do justice to thir great deeds and contributions towards this country.

Write comment
Your Contact Details:
Comment:
[b] [i] [u] [url] [quote] [code] [img]   
Security
Please input the anti-spam code that you can read in the image.

Announcement

History series

malaya-aaa

edu

Connect



Latest Articles